Thursday, 27 June 2013

What Is Credit risk ???

What Is Credit risk ???

Credit risk is defined as the possibility of losses associated with diminution in the credit quality of borrowers or counterparties. In a bank’s portfolio, losses stem from outright default due to inability or unwillingness of a customer or counterparty to meet commitments in relation to lending, trading, settlement and other financial transactions. Alternatively, losses result from reduction in portfolio value arising from actual or perceived deterioration in credit quality.

Credit risk emanates from a bank’s dealings with an individual, corporate, bank, financial institution or a sovereign. Credit risk may take the following forms:

in the case of direct lending: principal /and or interest amount may not be repaid; 
in the case of guarantees or letters of credit: funds may not be forthcoming from the constituents upon crystallization of the liability;
in the case of treasury operations: the payment or series of payments due from the counter parties under the respective contracts may not be forthcoming or ceases;
in the case of securities trading businesses: funds/ securities settlement may not be effected;
in the case of cross-border exposure: the availability and free transfer of foreign currency funds may either cease or restrictions may be imposed by the sovereign.

In this backdrop, it is imperative that banks have a robust credit risk management system which is sensitive and responsive to these factors. The effective management of credit risk is a critical component of comprehensive risk management and is essential for the long term success of any banking organisation. Credit risk management encompasses identification, measurement, monitoring and control of the credit risk exposures.

Countries And Its Parlaments


Countries And Its Parliaments 

1.Afghanistan-- Shora
2.Andorra -- General Council
3.Albania -- People's Assembly
4.Azerbaijan -- Melli Majlis
5.Algeria -- National People's Assembly
6.Angola -- National People's Assembly
7.Argentina -- National Congress
8.Australia -- Federal Parliament
9.Austria -- National Assembly
10.Bahamas -- General Assembly
11.Bahrain -- Consultative Council
12.Bangladesh -- Jatiya Sansad
13.Belize -- National Assembly
14.Bhutan -- Tshogdu
15.Bolivia -- National Congress
16.Brazil -- National Congress
17.Brunei -- National Assembly
18.Botswana -- National Assembly
19.Britain -- Parliment (House of Common's & House of Lords)
20.Bulgaria -- Narodno Subranie.
21.Cambodia -- National Assembly
22.CongoDemocratic -- Rep. of National Legislative Council
23.Colombia -- Congress
24.Canada -- Parliament
25.China -- National People's Congress
26.Chile -- Chamber of Deputies and Senate
27.Comoros -- Legislative Council and Senate
28.Costa Rice -- Legislative Council and Senate
29.Crotia -- Sabor
30.Cuba -- National Assembly of People's Power
31.Czech Republic-- Chamber of Deputies and Senate
32.Denmark -- Folketing
33.Ecuador -- Natinal Congress
34.El Salvador -- Legislative Assembly
35.East Timor -- Constituent Assembly
36.Ethiopia -- Federal Council and House of Representative
37.Egypt -- People's Assembly
38.Fiji Islands-- Senate & House of Representative
39.France -- National Assembly
40.Finland -- Eduskusta (Parliament)
41.Germany -- Bundestag(Lower House),Bundesrat(UpperHouse)
42.Guyana -- National Assembly
43.Greece -- Chamber of Deputies
44.Hungary -- National Assembly
45.Iceland -- Althing
46.India -- Parliament
47.Indonesia -- People's Consultative Assembly
48.Iran -- Majlis
49.Iraq -- National Assembly
50.Israel -- Knesset
51.Italy -- Chamber of Deputies and Senate
52.Japan -- Diet
53.Jordan -- National Assembly
54.Korea(North) -- Supreme People's Assembly
55.Korea(South) -- National Assembly
56.Kuwait -- National Assembly
57.Kenya -- National Assembly
58.Laos -- People's Supreme Assembly
59.Labanon -- National Assembly
60.Lesotho -- National Assembly and Senate
61.Lithuania -- Seimas
62.Luxembourg -- Chamber of Deputies
63.Liberia -- National Assembly
64.Libya -- General People's Congress
65.Malaysia -- Dewan Rakyat and Dewan Negara
66.Maldives -- Majlis
67.Madagascar -- National People's Assembly
68.Mongolia -- Great People's Khural
69.Montenegro -- Federal Assembly
70.Mozambique -- People's Assembly
71.Myanmar -- Pyithu Hluttaw
72.Nepal -- National Panchayat
73.Netherlands -- The State General
74.Norway -- Storting
75.New Zealand -- Parliament (House of Representative)
76.Oman -- Monarchy
77.Pakistan -- National Assembly & Senate
78.Paraguay -- Senate & Chamber of Deputies
79.Philippines -- The Congress
80.Papua New Guinea-- National Parliament
81.Poland -- Sejm
82.Romania -- Great National Assembly
83.Russia -- Duma & Federal Council
84.Serbia -- Federal Assembly
85.Senegal -- National Assembly
86.Seychelles -- People's Assembly
87.Somalia -- People's Assembly
88.South Africa -- Rep. House of Assembly
89.Spain -- Cortes
90.Sweden -- Riksdag
91.Saudi Arabia -- Majlis Al Shura
92.Sudan -- National Assembly
93.Switzerland -- Federal Assembly
94.Syria -- People's Council
95.Turkey -- Grand National Assembly
96.Tunisia -- National Assembly
97.USA -- Congress
98.Vietnam -- National Assembly
99.Venezuela -- National Congress
100.Zaire -- National Legislative Council
101.Zambia -- National Assembly


Gk Update 26th June 2013


1. Today is "International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking". The theme this year is, "Make Health Your New High in Life, Not Drugs".

2. The Indian Army on Wednesday launched a website-suryahopes.in— to provide updates on the where abouts of people stranded in disaster-hit Uttarakhand. The site also provides information about the location of people, helpline numbers, lists of those rescued and their current location.

3. Prime Minister Manmohan Singhalong with UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi on Wednesday flagged off the first train connecting Banihal in Jammu region with Qazigund in Kashmir Valley. It has been constructed at a cost of Rs 1,691 crore.

4. Oprah Winfrey was named the most powerful celebrity on Wednesday by Forbes, heading the six women and four men who make up the top 10. Singer Lady Gaga came in second, followed by director/producer Steven Spielberg and singers Beyonce and Madonna.

5. Reliance Capital has roped in Japanese financial behemoths Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Bank and Nippon Life Insurance as minority partners to boost its quest for banking license.

6. Gujarat Info Petro Ltd, a subsidiary of Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation, has signed an agreement with Cason Engineering Plc, Hungary, in pursuant to the MoU signed during the Vibrant Gujarat Summit-2013, for a gas monitoring system.

7. Pipavav port, the first private sector port of India located in Saurashtra, Gujarat, remained at the top most position for second year in a row in FY13 on the basis of quantity.

8. Uttarakhand and Gujrat governments have announced Rs 10 and 5 lakh respectively as ex gratia for families of Helicopter Crash victims.

9. Qatar has a new Emir. 33 year old Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamd Al Thani took over the reigns of the gulf nation from his 61 year old father Sheikh Khalifa Hamad Bin Thani in Doha yesterday. He is the youngest ruler in the Gulf Arab world. 

10. The Assam government has decided to promote religious tourism in the state and the ongoing "Ambubachi Mela" at the famous Kamakhya Temple is the first step in this direction.

11. Shri Krishna Chaudhary, IPS has been appointed as Director General, National Disaster Response Force and Civil Defence (NDRF&CD). He will succeed P M Nair who retired on 31st May this year.

12. Tourism Corporation of Gujarat Ltd (TCGL) has won the prestigious "CNBC Awaaz Travel Award 2013" for the best state tourism board for a second time in row in Mumbai on Monday. The award was received by Vipul Mittra, State Principal Secretary, Tourism, Civil Aviation and Pilgrimage.

13. CEO of Bharti Walmart, Indian arm of global retail giant Walmart, Raj Jain has resigned from the company after heading the company for nearly six years. Ramnik Narsey, Senior Vice-President for Walmart International will serve as interim leader for India.

14. Drugmaker Strides Arcolab said its combination of artemether and lumefantrine tablets has received the WHO's pre-qualification for malaria treatment.

15. Two Indian origin women Jalak Jobanputra and Shelly Kapoor Collins have been named in the list of ‘Forty Women to Watch over 40’ list that recognises women who made it clear that global citizenship and entrepreneurial innovation is not limited to the young.

16. Rupee slumps to a record low of 60.72 against dollar; Sensex down by 77 points to close at 18,552.

17. Former international player V Hariharan has been appointed as secretary of the All India Chess Federation while Bharat Singh was named Chief Executive Officer at the AGM held in Chennai on Monday.

18. Mahendra Singh Dhoni was named captain of the ICC's Team of the Champions Trophy, which has four other Indians including stylish batsman Shikhar Dhawan.

19. AND IN WIMBLEDON: Mahesh Bhupathi and his Austrian partner Julian Knowle move to the second round of men's doubles.

Important Games Venues

IMPORTANT GAMES VENUES

* 2013 World Chess Championship -India

* 2014 Asian Games - Incheon (s.korea)

* 2014 Commonwealth Games -Glagow (scotland)
* 2014 World Cup Football - Brazil

* 2013 Confederation Cup -Brazil

* 2016 - Euro Cup - France

* 2015 World Cup cricket -Australi & Newzealand

* 2014 20 -20 world cup- Bangladesh

* 2016 Summer OlYmpics - Reo De Genero (Brazil)

* 2014 Winter Olympics - Sochi (Rassia)

* 2014 Youth Olympics - Nanjing (china)

* 2014 Hockey world Cup - Hague (Netherland)

Monday, 24 June 2013

Latest GK Bits

1. Who amongst the following is the Head of the RBI at present ?
(1) Mr. K V. Kamath
(2) Dr D. Subbarao
(3) Mr. Y.R. Narayanamurthy
(4) Mr. O.P. Bhatt
(5) None of these

2. India has different categories of Commercial banks. Which of the following is not one such category ?
(1) Private Banks
(2) Commodity Banks
(3) Nationalised Banks
(4) Co-operative Banks
(5) Foreign Banks

3. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) recently imposed a restriction on money flow in equity through ‘P-Notes’. What is the full form of ‘P-Notes’ ?
(1) Permanent Notes
(2) Purchase Notes
(3) Participatory Notes
(4) Private Notes
(5) None of these

4. Who amongst the following was the Captain of the Indian cricket team which won the Twenty20 World Cup­2007 ?
(1) Yuvraj Singh
(2) M.S. Dhoni
(3) Rahul Dravid
(4) Sourav Ganguly
(5) None of these

5. The money which Government of India spends on the development of infrastructure in country comes from which of the following sources? [pick. up the correct statement(s)]
(A) Loan from World Bank/ ADB, etc.
(B) Taxes collected from the people.
(C) Loan from the RBI.
(1) Only A
(2) Only B
(3) Only C
(4) Both A & B
(5) All A, B & C

6. Which of the following organisations / agencies has established a fund known as “Investor Protection Fund” ?
(1) SEBI
(2) NABARD
(3) Bombay Stock Exchange
(4) Ministry,.\of Health
(5) None of these

7. Which of the following departments of the Government of India is helping banks in disbursement of rural credit by the banks ?
(1) Railways
(2) State Road Transports
(3) Posts & Telegraph
(4) Ministry of Health
(5) None of these

8. Which of the following types of banks are allowed to operate foreign currency accounts ?
(A) Foreign Banks
(B) Regional Rural Banks
(C) Nationalised Banks
(1) Only A
(2) Only B
(3) Only C
(4) All A, B & C
(5) None of these

9. Majority of rural people still prefer to go to which of the following for their credit needs ?
(1) Money lenders
(2) Foreign banks
(3) NABARD
(4) RBI
(5) All of these

10. Which of the following countries does not play international cricket ?
(1) Russia
(2) England
(3) South Africa
(4) Pakistan
(5) India

11. Which of the following countries in the world is the biggest consumer of gold ?
(1) USA
(2) Bangladesh
(3) Russia
(4) India
(5) None of these

12. Many times we read in financial newspapers about ‘FII’. What is the full form of FII ? ‘
(1) Final Investment in India
(2) Foreign Investment  in India
(3) Formal Investment in India
(4) Fair Institutional Investment
(5) Foreign Institutional Investment

13. The financial markets of which of the following countries were badly affected by sub prime crisis ?
(1) Russia
(2) Brazil
(3) UK
(4) USA
(5) None of these

14. One of the former Prime Ministers of which of the following countries was detained in house arrest for a short period after his/her return from a long exile ?
(1) Germany
(2) France
(3) Pakistan
(4) Brazil
(5) None of these

15. Which of the following countries is facing problem of strike by the workers of the transport, electricity and gas companies as the present Government of the country has decided to end the pension to these workers ?
(1) USA
(2) France
(3) China
(4) Nepal
(5) None of these

16. Benazir Bhutto is associated with which of the following political parties ?
(1) Muslim League
(2) Pakistan People’s Party
(3) Pakistan National Congress
(4) Islamic Movement of Pakistan
(5) None of these

17. Who amongst the following is the Secretary-General of UNO ?
(1) Al Gore
(2) Shashi Tharoor
(3) Gordon Brown
(4) Hugo Chavez
(5) None of these

18. Manmohan Singh called George Bush to explain the difficulties he is having in implementing agreements related with which of the following with USA ?
(l}Supply of Sugar
(2) Civilian Nuclear Cooperation
(3) Purchase o£ Fighter Planes
(4) Purchase of Gas/Petroleum
(5) None of these

19. Which of the following countries recently decided to launch a military action in Northern Iraq where many Kurdish PKK fighters are based and they are killing people from that country ?
(1) India
(2) Afghanistan
(3) Pakistan
(4) Bangladesh
(5) Turkey

20. The “Orange Coalition Government” was formed once again in which of the following countries ?
(1) Russia
(2) Ukraine
(3) France
(4) Germany
(5) None of these

21. As reported in papers the UN World Food Programmes stopped distributing food in Mogadishu town after its local head was abducted by the government soldiers of the country. Mogadishu is the capital town of
(1) Tanzania
(2) Turkey
(3) Cuba
(4) Libya
(5) Somalia

22. Who amongst the following leaders from USA visited Israel and Palestinian West Bank so that a solution to the Israel and Palestinian problem can be worked out ?
(1) George Bush
(2) Al Gore
(3) Bill Clinton
(4) Condoleezza Rice
(5) None of these

23. Which of the following countries is not elected by the UN General Assembly on the non-permanent seats of the UN Security Council w.e.f. January 2008 ?
(1) Libya
(2) Vietnam
(3) Croatia
(4) Costa Rica
(5) Pakistan

24. Which of the following countries is not happy with the USA’s decision to award a Congressional Medal to Dalai Lama of Tibet ?
(1) India
(2) Pakistan
(3) Nepal
(4) Myanmar
(5) China

25. Justine Henin won the Women’s Singles US Open Tennis Championship 2007 after defeating
(1) Svetlana Kuznetsova
(2) Sania Mirza
(3) Dinara Safina
(4) Mathalie Dechy
(5) None of these

26. India won the ONGC Nehru Cup Football Tournament 2007 by beating
(1) Syria
(2) Pakistan
(3) Britain
(4) France
(5) None of these

27. Who amongst the following is selected for Basava Award (2006-07) by the Karnataka Government ?
(1) Manmohan Singh
(2) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
(3) Sonia Gandhi
(4) Pratibha Patil
(5) None of these

28. Shinzo Abe who was on a visit to India in recent past is the
(1) Prime Minister of South Korea
(2) Prime Minister of North Korea
(3) Prime Minister of Japan
(4) President of South Korea
(5) None of these

29. Abdullah Gul’s name was in news recently as he has taken over as the President of
(1) Turkey
(2) Sudan
(3) Afghanistan
(4) Pakistan
(5) None of these

30. Hem Dutta who was honoured with the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhawana Award 2007 is a famous
(1) author
(2) social activist
(3) player
(4) film producer
(5) scientist

31. Asafa Powell who created a new world record in 100 metres race is a citizen of
(1) Jamaica
(2) South Africa
(3) India
(4) USA
(5) South Korea

32. The World Athletics Championship 2007 was organised in
(1) Beijing
(2) New Delhi
(3) Osaka
(4) Dhaka
(5) London

33. Who amongst the following got third position in long jump event of the Bayer International Athletics Meet held in Germany in 2007 ?
(1) Shiny Wilson
(2) Anju Bobby George
(3) Neha Sanwal
(4) Prajakta Sawant
(5) None of these

34. As per the recent agreement between India and one other country the Indian Rupee can be easily swapped with
(1) Taka
(2) Riel
(3) Kyat
(4) Yen
(5) Rubble

35. The Government of India put a ban on export of which of the following commodities at the price below the price of the same in domestic market ?
(1) Steel
(2) Chemical Fertiliser
(3) Pharma products’
(4) Electronic goods
(5) None of these

36. India’s Foreign Exchange Reserves declined sharply in recent past. What was the main reason for the same ?
(1) Heavy demand of the same by foreign tourists
(2) Import of wheat from Pakistan & South Korea
(3) Appreciation of Rupee Value
(4) Instability in coalition government in Centre
(5) None of these

37. Which of the following is a public sector unit ?
(1) TCS
(2) ICICI Bank
(3) TESCO
(4) BHEL
(5) All of these

38. Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Meet was organised in September 2007 in
(1) New Delhi
(2) Beijing
(3) Tokyo
(4) London
(5) Sydney

39. Who amongst the following was the Captain of the Indian hockey team who won Asia Cup 2007 held in Chennai ?
(1) Baichung Bhutia
(2) Dilip Tirkey
(3) Pankaj Advani
(4) Manavjit Singh Sandhu
(5) None of these

40. India launched which of the following satellites in September 2007 ?
(1) EDUSAT
(2) METSAT
(3) CROSAT-IIB
(4) INSAT-4CR
(5) None of these

Answers :

1. (2) 2. (2) 3.(3) 4. (2)
5.(5) 6.(1) 7.(5) 8.(3) 9.(1) 10.(1) 11.(4) 12 .(5) 13.(3) 14.(3) 15.(2) 16.(2) 17.(5) 18.(2) 19.(5) 20.(2) 21.(5) 22.(4) 23.(5) 24.(5) 25.(1) 26.(1) 27.(2) 28.(3) 29.(1) 30.(2) 31.(1) 32.(3) 33.(2) 34.(5) 35.(1) 36.(3) 37.(4) 38.(5) 39.(5) 40.(4)

Sunday, 23 June 2013

SBI Recruitment For 10,000 Posts

SBI Chairman has suggested that State Bank of India, India's Largest Government Bank, will hire approx 10,000 personnel this year. This will incclude the recruitment of Probationary Officers as well as clerical staff and the above vacancies will be filled by Mar 2014.

“We will be hiring 10,000 people this year, including 1,500 probationary officers, the process for which started in April. Around 7,500 will be retiring this fiscal,” SBI Chairman Pratip Chaudhuri told PTI.

“We have upgraded our branches, all have become air-conditioned. We have adequately staffed our branches. In the last quarter, we recruited 20,000 assistant grade employees at front office,” he said.

The bank plans to open about 1,200 branches in the country and another eight branch offices overseas, including China and the UK, in the current fiscal.

Public sector banks hired around 63,000 persons in the last financial year.

The country’s largest bank SBI alone recruited 20,000 clerical staff and 1,200 officer level employees.

Besides, other public sector banks hired 22,000 officers and 20,000 clerical staff in the last fiscal.

There were 84,489 vacancies at various levels in the state-owned banks at the end of 2010-11.

Most of the state-owned banks have undertaken recruitment drives in recent years.

The public sector banks had a sanctioned strength of about 8 lakh employees as on March 31, 2012.

Gk Update 23rd June 2013

1. International Widows' Day and rights for widows.

2. India and US to set the pace and direction for stronger bilateral relations as US Secretary of State arrives in New Delhi for 4th strategic dialogue.

3. In Pakistan occupied Kashmir, militants kill nine foreign climbers at the base of Nanga Parbat in Gilgit Baltistan.

4. Six Kuki militants killed in an encounter with Assam Rifles, in Manipur.

5. Former US intelligence operative Edward Snowden leaves Hong Kong for an unknown destination, causing embarrassment to Obama administration.

6. Japan's highest Mountain and famous landmark Mount Fuji on 20 June 2013 was given world heritage status by the UNESCO.

7. The jury of IDG selected UIDAI for 21st Century Achievement Award 2013 under the category Economic Development.

8. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) on 21 June 2013 approved mechanism for coal supply to Power Producers.

9. The Union Government of India on 22 June 2013 planned to introduce Visa-on-Arrival facilities for the Chinese nationals.

10. Manjeet Singh bagged a Silver medal for India at the 3rd China Open boxing tournament on 22 June 2013.

11. India has slipped to 70th position in terms of foreign money lying with the Swiss banks and accounts for ameagre 0.10 per cent of total global wealth held in the Switzerland banking system.

12. N Srinivasan was on Sunday elected unopposed as president of the Tamil Nadu Cricket Association (TNCA) for the 12th year on the trot.

13. The government has allowed Mukesh Ambani owned Reliance Industries to surrender its special economic zone in Haryana.

Finally Indian beaten England in Champions Trophy

BIRMINGHAM: It came down to the proverbial wire, but in the end all of England's melancholic weather and the T20-like drama could not deny India its share of joy in gloomy Birmingham on Sunday. From the start of the Champions Trophy early this month, they had been the team to beat here. In the end, they remained unbeaten.


The only coveted trophy missing from India's cupboard - MS Dhoni's too - was finally won in dominating style as they signed off from the United Kingdom on the note that they had signed in. The men in blue had once shared this trophy with Sri Lanka in 2002 after being declared joint-winners because of a final marred by rain, but the result wasn't quite appetite whetting.

Thursday, 13 June 2013

GK Update 13th June 2013

1. 12 June: World Day Against Child Labour. This year, the theme is - " No to Child Labour in Domestic Work".

2. Smart phones, emails and SMS seem to have pushed the humble telegram service to a quiet corner with the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL) deciding to discontinue the 160-year-old telegraph service from 15th July.

3. Jiroemon Kimura, The world's oldest person and the oldest man ever to have lived has died of natural causes aged 116, officials in Japan said on Wednesday.

4. Cable TV subscribers in NCR will face disconnection of services if they fail to submit the mandatory customer application form (CAF) giving personal details and choice of channels by June 25.

5. Indo-Russian INDRA 2013 military exercise is scheduled to take place in October 2013 at Mahajan field firing range of Rajasthan in India.

6. Indian Railways decided to start offering train tickets via mobile SMS. The services of IRCTC, the subsidiary of Indian Railways will come into effect from July 2013.

7. India's first non-fiction festival will be held in Mumbai June 21 to 23. The three-day festival, India Non-Fiction Festival (INFF), is centred on the theme "Be Bold, Stay Real", and will see panel discussions, conversations with authors, book launches, and book signing sessions to engage book lovers thoroughly at the Nehru Centre in Worli.

8. India stormed into the semi-final of the ICC Champions Trophy tournament with a resounding eight-wicket victory over West Indies, riding on Shikhar Dhawan's second consecutive ODI century.

9. China, on Tuesday successfully launched its fifth and longest space mission, ‘ Shenzhou-10’ with three astronauts including a woman on board.

10. The Early Tsunami Warning System installed at Rangachang in Andaman and Nicobar Islands can predict a tsunami immediately after an earthquake.

11. Bringing cheer to the government struggling to arrest rupee's slide, global rating agency Fitch on Wednesday revised India's sovereign credit outlook to stable from negative.

Wednesday, 12 June 2013

100+ Marketing Questions And Answers For All Competitive Examinations



1. Which among the following body promoted securities Trading Corporation of India Limited (STCI) jointly with the Public sector Banks?
(a) SEBI
(b) Reserve bank Of India
© IDBI Ltd.
(d) ICICI Ltd

2. The state bank of India (Amendment) Bill-2010, which was passed in the parliament in the latter half of 2010, apart from other things, reduces the statutory minimum shareholding of the Central Government in the bank from ­________ to ______ %, which among the following set of figures fills the blank correctly?
(a) 59, 52
(b) 55, 51
(c) 59, 55
(d) 62, 51

3. What do we call an agreement whereby an issuing Bank at the request of the Importer (Buyer) undertakes to take payment to the exporter (Beneficiary) against stipulated documents?
(a) Bill of exchange
(b) Letter of Exchange
(c) Letter of Credit
(d) Bill of entry

4. Mutual funds are regulated in India by which among the following?
(a) RBI
(b) SEBI
(c) Stock exchanges
(d) RBI and SEBI both

5. Which of the following country was the host of First Asian Yoga Championship held recently?
(a) Thailand
(b) Cambodia
(c) Vietnam
(d) Laos

6. Which among the following body authorizes the credit limit to the National Co-operative Marketing Federation?
(a) RBI
(b) Department of Agriculture
(c) NABARD
(d) Department of Finance

7. Which among the following duties is applied by a government to control the exports of a commodity, so that the commodity can be used by the local markets than in foreign countries?
(a) Custom duty
(b) Excise Duty
(c) Anti dumping duty
(d) Dumping Duty

8. We read in the newspapers that the foreign direct Investments are preferred over the Capital Inflow. In this context, please consider the following.
1. FDI brings in latest technology
2. FDI does not involve large outflow
3. FDI improves efficiency of the economy

Which among the above is/are most suitable reason/reasons for the given statement?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 1 & 3
© Only 1 & 2
(d) All 1, 2 & 3

9. Which among the following body finalizes the market-borrowing programmers of State Governments in India?
(a) State Governments
(b) RBI
(Union Ministry of Finance
(d) Planning Commission

10. Which among the following is the only correct statement?
(a) Money market meets long term financing needs
(b) Recession in industrial sector in India is normally due to fall in exports
© Ways and means advances is given by RBI are nowhere related to state’s revenue
(d) Exchange rate is fixed by RBI

11. Which among the following is the top dividend paying company of India, as per a study done by economic Times?
(a) ONGC
(b)TCS
© ITC
(d) IOC

12. Many a times we read in the newspapers hat the Government of India signs DTAA to broaden the scope of article of exchange of information to include exchange of banking information. What does the DTSS refers to here?
(a) DTAA taxation article agreement
(b) Double taxation avoidance agreement
© Double taxation avoidance arrangements
(d) Dual tax agreement arrangement

13. What does the Canada India Research U.S. refer to?
(a) A business forum
(b) A nuclear reactor
© A scientific research group
(d) A proposed space research organization.

14. Which among the following decides the oil Prices in India?
(a) Government of India
(b) Government of Respective states
© Ministry of Petroleum
(d) Oil Companies

15. Consider the following statements in context with Treasury Bulls?
1. They are issued by Government of India on behalf of RBI
2. They are mostly for short term borrowings
3. Treasury Bills cannot be purchased by any person resident of India
Which among the above is/are correct?
(a) All are correct
(b) 2 & 3 are correct
(c) Only 2 is correct
(d) Only 3 is correct

16. Which among the following is India’s largest indigenous Research and Production Nuclear Reactor?
(a) Apsara
(b) Dhurva
© Kamini
(d) CIRUS

17. Bring out the only incorrect statement:
(a) Reserve Repo operation by RBI aims are injecting/increasing liquidity
(b) SDR refers to special drawing
© Rupee appreciation results in decrease in imports
(d) Increase in inflation rate leads to decline in real interest rate

18. Which among the following is headed by Justice Lokeshwar Singh Panta?
(a) Arms forces Tribunal
(b) National Green Tribunal
© Debt Recovery tribunal
(d) Central Administrative tribunal

19. Christine Lagarde, who recently headed the G-20 meeting of Finance Ministers and Governors of Central Banks, Is the Finance minister of which among the following countries?
(a) Australia
(b) France
© Italy
(d) Germany

20. Consider the following statements:
1. Increase in deposit rate results in higher savings
2. Increase in deposit rate results in fall in credit off takes
3. Increase in deposit rate results in increase in investment which among the above statement/statements is /are correct?
(a) 1 &2
(b) 1 & 3
© 1, 2, 3
(d) Only 1

21. Which among the following is not a feature of the proposed Companies Bill 2009?
(a) Limit on the number of the subsidiary companies
(b) Rotation of the auditors
© Reduction in the types of the companies’ categories
(d) Proposal Of national company law tribunal;

22. The universal service obligation fund (USOF) has been established under which among the following departments of Government of India?
(a) Department of Consumer Affairs
(b) Department of Industrial policy and Promotion
© Department of Telecommunication
(d) Department of Economic Affairs

23. Kuno Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary, which is being proposed as a new home for some relocated Gir lions from Gujarat, is located in which among the following states.
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Madhya Pradesh
© Orissa
(d) Rajasthan

24. Which among the following sports is NOT a part of the London Olympics?
(a) Tackwondo
(b) Baseball
© Table Tennis
(d) Triathlon

25. We read the various newspapers that during the period from June, 2009 to September 2010, the Ministry of Road transport and Highways have achieved a target of constructing on an average 12.01 km of National Highways per day. However, this achievement if shorter compared to the target of constructing 20 km of Highways per day. To achieve this target, it is time approximately ________ of works are under way. Which among the following fills the blank correctly?
(a) 10000 km
(b) 15000 km
© 20000 km
(d) 25000 km

26. Who among the following has been defeated by Saina Nehwal, who has won the Swiss open grand Prix Gold title recently, becoming the First Indian to do so?
(a) Ji Hyun Sung
(b) Wang Lin
© Kamila Rytter Juhl
(d) Shinta Mulia Juhl

27. Which among the following correctly defines the Net Interest Income?
(a) Interest earned on advances
(b) Interest earned on investments
© Total interest earned on advances on advances and investment
(d) Difference between interest earned and interest paid

28. Where is going to be established the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of education fro Peace and Sustainable development (MGIEP), the latest & first category-I institute of UNECO in South Asia?
(a) New Delhi
(b) Ahmadabad
© Mumbai
(d) Pune

29. Anant Pai, better known as ‘Uncle Pai’, who recently died was the creator of which among the following comic series?
(a) Chacha Choudhary
(b) Amar Chitra katha
© Chandamama
(d) Indrajaal

30. Which among the following is not a Nonpermanent member of United Nations Security Council for the Period of 1 January 2011 -31 December 2012?
(a) Nigeria
(b) Germany
© Portugal
(d) Columbia

31. In which among the following types comes the Interest Rate Risk?
(a) Credit risk
(b) Market risk
© Operational risk
(d) All the above categories

32. Where was held the 98th Indian Science Congress in early 2011?
(a) Hyderabad
(b) Chennai
© Kochi
(d) Kolkata

33. Which among the following international sports body had unveiled an anti-corruption committee to enhance credibility and increase transparency?
(a) International Cricket Council
(b) International Olympic Committee
© FIFA
(d) Commonwealth Games Federation.

34. E.S. L. Narasimhan is the Governor of which among the following states?
(a) Karnataka
(b) Andhra Pradesh
© Tamil Nadu
(d) Kerala

35. When there is an inflationary trend in the economy what would be trend in the pricing of the Bank products?
(a) Increasing trend
(b) Decreasing trend
© Constant trend
(d) There is no relevance of the inflation in pricing of the Banking Products

36. In which among the following courts, Chennai open is played?
(a) Clay court
(b) Grass court
(c) Hard court
(d) Carpet court

37. Which of the following countries is located the temple of Preah Vihear, one of the famous world Heritage sites?
(a) Thailand
(b) Myanmar
© Cambodia
(d) Vietnam

38. Which among the following body gives the Pritzker Prize, the Nobel of Architecture every year?
(a) Wolf foundation
(b) Hyatt Foundation
© Royal Institute of British architects
(d) Leading European Architects Forum

39. Which among the following is the correct character of the Foreign Exchange Markets?
(a) Foreign Exchange markets are localized markets
(b) Foreign exchange markets operate within a country’s time zone
© Foreign exchange markets are dynamic and round the clock markets
(d) Foreign exchange markets are used only for trade related transactions

40. Who among the following headed the forest Rights Act review Committee that submitted its report in the first half of 2010?
(a) Syeda hameed
(b) Narender Jadhav
© Arun Maira
(d) N C Saxena

41. Who among the following is the chairman of National Knowledge Commission?
(a) Sam Pitroda
(b) Deepak Nayyar
© Nandan Nilkeni
(d) Dr. Pushp Bhargav

42. Suchitra Mitra, who died recently, was an artist of which among the following types of Music?
(a) Hindustani classical
(b) Carnatric Music
© Rabindra sangeet
(d) Pakistani Classical

43. After Uttar Pradesh, which among the following states has the maximum share in the total Route Km of Indian Railways?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Maharashtra
© Andhra Pradesh
(d) Gujrat

44. In which of the following states of India is located a tiger reserve, which is also a World Heritage site?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Asom
© Madhya Pradesh
(d) Uttar Pradesh

45. Which among the following Industrial Policy resolution/ statement was based upon the Mahalanobis Model of growth?
(a) Industrial Policy resolution – 1956
(b) Industry Policy statement – 1973
© Industrial Policy statement -1977
(d) Banking Policy 1969

46. in which of the following states, maximum Coast Guard stations have been established in India?
(a) Foreign Trade promotion Board
(b) Department of Commerce
© RBI
(d) SEBI

48. In which of the following states of India, world’s first Global Center for Nuclear energy Partnership was started a few months back?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Kerala
© Haryana
(d) Uttar Pradesh

49. In which of the following states of India, there is no petroleum chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment region (PCPIR)?
(a) Asom
(b) Andhra Pradesh
© Gujrat
(d) West Bengal

50. Which among the following is correct about the Vostro Account? 
(a) It is an account maintained by a foreign bank with a bank in India in Indian Rupees.
(b) It is an account maintained by an Indian bank with a bank in foreign country in foreign currency
© It is an account maintained by a Indian Bank Branch with a Foreign Bank in Foreign currency.
(d) It is an account maintained by a Foreign bank Branch with a Indian bank in foreign currency.

51. The term ‘round-tripping’ often appears in financial news these days. What does it mean?
(a) Importing products that are not easily available in the domestic markets
(b) Indian companies re-exporting imported products without any value addition
© Bringing back illicit money hidden abroad by Indian s under a different name
(d) Imposing high customs duty to discourage dumping of goods in Indian market

52. Infant Mortality rate (IMR) data for high focus states (states where IMR is above national average) is collected once every five years. The union Health Ministry has now decided to collect such data __________.
(a) half-yearly
(b) Annually
© Once every two years
(d) Once every three years

53. The government has tasked three institutions to conduct studies to estimate the quantum of illicit funds generated by Indian citizens recently. Which of the following is not among one of the three institutions selected?
(a) National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
(b) National Institute of Bank Management
(c) National institute of Finance Management
(d) National Council of Applied Economic Research

54. Which of the following statements is/are correct about ‘gender-critical’ districts on the basis of the census 2001 data?
1. There are 262 gender critical districts or cities in the country
2. Madhya Pradesh has the highest number of gender critical districts or cities
3. Kerala is the only state which does not have any gender critical district or city
(a) I only
(b) 1 &2 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 3 and 1 only

55. India announced that it was taking steps to reduce the” sensitive lists” of items for trade with SAARC countries recently. Which of the following is correct about items in “sensitive lists”?
(a) Items which are costlier to produce in India
(b) Items whose import leads to lower prices for Indian consumer
(c) Items whose import reduces the market share of domestic producers
(d) Items which are injurious to health such as tobacco and alcohol

56. Which country’s gold output of 30.88 tonnes was the highest in the world in 2010?
(a) Canada
(b) South Africa
© China
(d) USA

57. Government of India has launched a publicity campaign for census 2011 in association with which of the following UN organization?
(a) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
(b) World Health Organization (WHO)
© Untied Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
(d) United Nations Population Fund (UNPF)

8. Which of the following pairs of multinational retailing companies and the countries where they are headquartered is/are correctly matched?
I. Mero-germany
II. Walmart- USA
III. Tesco- United Kingdom
IV. Carrefour – France
(a) I and III only
(b) I, II and III
(c) IV, I and II
(d) I, II, III and IV

59. Which advertising agency was in news recently fro creating the “Enumerator’ mascot fro Census 2011?
(a) Bates 141
(b) DDB India
© JWT India
(d) Reinfusion – Y & R

60. Which of the following statements about Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is/are correct as per the data released by the Register-General of India (RGI) recently?
I. IMR has declined from 53 in 2008 to 50 in 2009
II. Decline in IMR in urban areas is more than in rural areas
III. IMR is the lowest in Kerala
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) I, II and III

61. Which of the following statements about Indent Mortality rate (IMR) is/are correct as per the data released by the Register-General of India (RGI) recently?
I. IMR is highest in Madhya Pradesh
II. Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target is to reduce IMR to 30 by 2015
III. Nine states have IMR above the national average
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) I,II and III

62. S. Sundar Committee was in news recently for its report on which of the following?
(a) Land Acquisition Act, 1894
(b) Copyright Act, 1957
© Right to Information Act, 2005
(d) Motor vehicles Act, 1988

63. Which of the following statements is/are correct about the Tourist Visa on Arrival (TVOA) scheme introduced to promote foreign tourist arrivals in India recently?
1. The TVOA is allowed for a maximum validity of 30 days with single entry facility at metros
2. TVOA is allowed for a maximum of two times in a calendar year
3. There should be a minimum gap of six months between each visit
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
© 2 only
(d) 3 and 1 only

64. Global Employment Trends 2011 report of the International Labour Organization (ILO) was released recently. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. The number of unemployed increased in 2010.
II. The global unemployment rate declined in 2010
III. Labour productivity improved in 2010
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II and III only
(d) III and I only

65. ‘Committed to Improving the state of the world’ is the motto of which of the following? 
(a) Transparency International
(b) World bank
© Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
(d) World Economic Forum

66. Which of the following statements about economic growth forecast made by the IMF in January 2011 is/are correct?
I. Global growth forecast for 2011 is below 4%
II. Growth forecast for India 2011 is 8.4%
III. Growth forecast for china is higher than for India in 2011
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II and III only
(d) III and I only

67. Global Employment Trends 2011 report of the international Labour Organization (ILO) was released recently. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. The number of people employed in industry declined while the number of those employed in agriculture increased in 2009
II. The number of unemployed youth (aged 15-24) declined in 2010
III. Global youth unemployment rate increased in 2010
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) III and I only
(d) I, II and III

68. Which of the following is/are correctly matched after RBI’s ‘Third Quarter Review of Monetary Policy 2010-11’ on January 26, 2011?
I. Repo rate – 6.5%
II. Reserve Repo rate – 5.5%
III. Cash Reserve Ratio – 6%
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II and III only
(d) I, II and III

69. The union finance Ministry raised the tax collection target for 2010-11 to _________ recently.
(a) Rs 782000 crore
(b) Rs 834000 crore
© Rs 871000 crore
(d) Rs 902000 crore

70. Which of the following statements is/are correct according to UNCTAD Global Investment Trend Monitor report unveiled recently?
I. Global flows of FDI exceeded $1 trillion in 2010
II. FDI flows to developed economics was lower than to developing economics in 2010
III. FDI flow to India declined in 2010
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II and III only
(d) III and I only

71. Which of the following became the first oil & Gas Company to find shale gas deposits in India recently?
(a) Reliance Industries Ltd.
(b) Carin India
© Essar Oil
(d) ONGC

72. ‘Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam Ltd’ was incorporated as a joint venture between Nuclear power Corporation of India Ltd and which of the following recently?
(a) NMDC
(b) NHPC
© BHEL
(d) NTPC

73. Which of the following statements about India’s urban population is/are correct as per the Census of India, 2001?
I. The Census of India, 2001 estimates that 47.81 percent of total population lives in urban areas of the country
II. The projected urban population in India as on March 1, 2011 is at 357 million.
III. Among the four meters, Greater Mumbai has the highest percentage of its population living in slums
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) I and III only
(d) II and III only

74. Consider the following pairs of coffee retailing companies having presence in India and their countries of origin are correctly matched?
I. Costa Coffee – Spain
II. Gloria Jean’s –USA
III. Barista – India
IV. Starbucks – USA
(a) I and III only
(b) I, II and III
(c) II, III and IV
(d) IV, I and II

75. Which of the following pairs of Large banks and their countries of origin is/are correctly matched?
I. Mizuho Holdings – Japan
II. Grupo Santander – Belgium
III. BNP Paribhas – France
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II and III only
(d) III and I only

76. Which of the following companies belonging to the Tata Group has not been acquired from abroad?
(a) Corus
(b) Hispano Carrocera
© Jaguar Land Rover
(d) Trent

77. Software made by which company will be used in scanning and processing of Census 2011 data?
(a) NetApp, Inc
(b) Juniper Networks
© Top image Systems
(d) Atos Origin

78. Match list I with II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:
List I List II
(Tablet PC) (Company)
A. Playbook 1. Dell
B. Galaxy Tab 2. Research in Motion
C. Streak 3. Life book
D. Fujitsu 4. Samsung
Code: ABC
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 2 4 1 3
(d) 2 4 3 2

79. Which of the following is a sufficient condition of identification of a district as ‘gender critical’ district according to Census of India?
I. Women participation in work is less than 20 percent.
II. Female literacy is less than 30 percent
III. Sex ratio is less than 900
(a) I and II only
(b) II and III only
(c) II only
(d) III and I only

80. Which of the following was founded in 1956 by the Government of India with funding from the Ford Foundation?
(a) National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
(b) National Institute of Bank Management
© National institute Of Financial Management
(d) National Council of Applied Economic research

81. What was the theme of the annual world economic Forum (WEF) meeting organized in Davos, Switzerland recently?
(a) Shaping the Post-Crisis World.
(b) Improve the state of the world: rethink, Redesign, rebuild
© Shared Norms for a New Reality
(d) The power of collaborative Innovation

82. Which of the following has a 51:49 joint venture with Japanese automobile company Nissan for manufacturing light commercial vehicles in India?
(a) Tata Motors
(b) Ashok Leyland
© Mahindra & Mahindra
(d) Bajaj Auto

83. Which of the following is not a pharmaceutical company?
(a) Novartis
(b) Eli Lilly
© Diageo
(d) Sanofi Aventis

84. Which of the following has decided to dins satya Elementary schools fro underprivileged children in rural India?
(a) Apple
(b) Google
© Microsoft
(d) Oracle

85. Which of the following are consulting firms in the real estate sector?
I. Jones Lang Lasalle
II. C B Richard Ellis
III. Forrester
IV. Cushman & Wakefield
(a) I and II only
(b) I, II and III only
(c) I, II and IV only
(d) II, III and IV only

86. Which of the following is the densest city in Asia as per the Asian Green City Index unveiled recently?
(a) Mumbai
(b) Chennai
(c) Delhi
(d) Kolkata

87. Which of the following started production at India’s largest naphtha cracker project recently?
(a) ONGC
(b) Essar Oil
© Indian Oil
(d) Reliance Industries Ltd

88. The Central Statistics Office (CSO) released the Quick estimate of national income, consumption expenditure, saving and capital formation for the financial year 2009-10 recently. Which of the following figures [at the factor cost at constant (2004-05) Prices] is/are correct?
I. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2009-10 exceeded Rs 50, 00,000 crore
II. Gross National Income (GNI) in 2009-10 was less than GDP
III. Per Capita National Income in 2009-10 was more than Rs 30,000
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) I and III only
(d) II and III only

89. China emerged as the world’s second largest economy in 2010 overtaking_________
(a) France
(b) Britain
© Germany
(d) Japan

90. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) completed has many years of operation recently?
(a) 3 years
(b) 4 years
© 5 years
(d) 6 years

91. Which of the following has made the largest inbound foreign direct investment in India till date?
(a) BP Plc
(b) Vodafone
© Dailchi Sankyo
(d) Vedanta Resources

92. Which core sector industry has the highest weight in the index of Industrial Production (IIP)?
(a) Crude Oil
(b) Petroleum refinery Products
© Coal
(d) Electricity

93. An International Advisory Panel (IAP) reviewed the functioning of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) recently. A number of districts have been identified on basis of poor health indicators for focused attention. Which of the following statements is/ are correct?
I. the number of beneficiaries under the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was more than 15 million during 2009-10
II. The number of districts identified is 264
III. The districts identified for focused attention account for nearly 70% of the infant and material deaths in the country
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) II and III only

94 . Which of the following statements about South Korean steel company POSCO’s $12 billion project in India is/are correct?
I. The project received conditional clearance from the Union Environment Ministry recently
II. It sit he single largest FDI in India approved till date.
III. The project involves construction of 14 million tone steel plant in Sinhbhum district of Jharkhand
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) III and I only

95. Which of the following statements about the 11th Delhi Sustainable Development summit organized recently is/are correct?
I. “Tapping Local Initiatives and Tackling Global Inertia” was the them of the summit
II. The summit organized by the National Environmental Engineering research Institute
III. Jairam Ramesh was conferred with the sustainable development Leadership Award
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) II and III only

96. The District Information System for Education (DISE) report on Universal Elementary Education (UEE) was released recently. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. Average Number of Instructional Days in 2009-10 was less than 200
II. Average number of classrooms in ALL schools was more than 4 in 2009-10
III. Average Number of classrooms in Primary Schools was more than 3 in 2009-10
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) II and III only

97. The district Information System for education (DISE) report on Universal Elementary Education (UEE) was released recently. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. Average Number of Classrooms in All Government Schools was less than 4 in 2009-10
II. Average Number of Classrooms in All Private Schools was less tan 7 in 2009-10
III. Average Student-Classroom Ration (SCR) for all schools was less than 35 in 2009-10
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) I and III only

98. ASBA (application Supported by Blocked Amounts) is a term used in which of the following sectors?
(a) Aviation
(b) Real Estate
© Insurance
(d) Capital Markets

99. Logo and website of National Knowledge Network (NKN) was Launched recently. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. NKN was launched in 2009
II. NKN will facilitate technology transfer from research institutions to industry
III. NKN is jointly funded by Ministry of Science and Technology and the CII
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II only
(d) II and III only

100. The Central Statistics Office (CSO) released the Quick estimates of national income, consumption expenditure, saving and capital formation for the financial year 2009-10 recently. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. Gross Domestic Savings in 2009-10 were 33% of GDP
II. Gross Domestic Savings in 2009-10 grew 22.7% over 2008-09
III. Private Corporate Sector Savings in 2009-10
(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) I and III only
(d) I, II and III only


Answers:

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c) 11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (b) 21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (a) 31. (b) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (d) 41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (b) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. (a) 50. (a) 51. (c) 52. (b) 53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (c) 56. (c) 57. (c) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (a) 61. (d) 62. (d) 63. (d) 64. (c) 65. (d) 66. (c) 67. (d) 68. (d) 69. (a) 70. (d) 71. (d) 72. (d) 73. (d) 74. (c) 75. (d) 76. (d) 77. (c) 78. (c) 79. (d) 80. (d) 81. (c) 82. (d) 83. (c) 84. (d) 85. (c) 86. (a) 87. (c) 88 (d). 89. (d) 90.(c) 91. (b) 92. (d) 93. (d) 94. (b) 95. (a) 96. (d) 97. (d) 98. (d) 99. (a) 100. (b)